Tesla's Energy Business Has Grown 7x in Five Years
This chart shows how Tesla develops, builds and sells photovoltaic solar systems and battery energy storage products, to provide huge business growth.
Aaron Foyer
Director, Research
Aaron Foyer is Director, Research at Orennia. Prior to Orennia, he leveraged his technical background in management consulting and finance roles. He has experience across the energy landscape including clean hydrogen, renewables, biofuels, oil and gas, petrochemicals and carbon capture.
Latest articles by Aaron Foyer
The New Energy Security
This 38-page perspectives report from Shift Lab gives you a data-rich view of how electrification and clean energy manufacturing are reshaping energy security.
What Canadians Actually Pay to Charge an EV
What if drivers charged their cars the same way they fueled it? What would that look like on a price-per-litre-equivalent basis?
What's Driving 6,500 TWh of New Electricity Demand by 2030
Data centers have altered the course of North American power demand but account for less than 10% of projected new demand.
What EV Drivers Pay at the ‘Pump’ in Every State
The Iran war's oil price shock has reignited consumer interest in EVs, with dealerships in high-gas states reporting a surge in Ioniq 6 and Model 3 inquiries not seen since the 2022 price spike.
1,200 Years of Cherry Blossoms Reveal What Climate Models Confirm
Japanese monks kept meticulous records of cherry blossom festivals for 1,200 years and accidentally created the longest climate dataset on Earth.
Quantum Computers Will Change Energy
It’s widely expected that, by the end of the decade, quantum computers will reach a level of maturity that they’ll start meaningfully contributing to a major commercial breakthrough and spur interest in the technology the way ChatGPT sparked interest and billions of investments into artificial intelligence.
The World's Top Natural Gas Producers in 2024
Natural gas quietly powers much of the modern world. A small number of countries control most of it, with the United States, Russia, Iran, and China together supplying more than half of everything the world produces
Watt's Wrong with the San Francisco 49ers?
You may have heard the theory about the substation near the 49ers practice facility and the apparent link to the team's injury rates. For those of us who spend our working hours focused on power infrastructure, we had to know the truth.
America's Most Lopsided Winter in 131 Years
Map showing US winter temperature anomalies, with the Western United States experiencing record warmth and the Eastern United States experiencing record cold relative to the 1895–2026 average.
Cuba: Embargoed to the Future
Has Cuba inadvertently become one of the most compelling case studies on how energy sustainability is now energy security?
The Carbon Footprint of the Tech Sector
How much do big tech companies contribute to global emissions?
Where Industry Dominates North America's Energy Mix
This map shows industry's share of total energy consumption by state and province across North America, highlighting how unevenly industrial activity is distributed.
What's Driving Global Silver Demand?
Silver used to account for 5% of a solar module's cost, but has now risen to ~20% of the cost.
Energy Prices vs. Groceries: What’s Risen Most Since 2020?
Since 2020, consumer prices for energy items like electricity, natural gas and gasoline all rose in the US but several everyday goods climbed even faster.
AI is Making Weather Forecasts Better
AI is making weather forecasts better and since renewables are so weather dependent, there are cost impacts to the power grid.
Europe’s Largest Power Sources, Country by Country
What was the biggest source of power across Europe in 2025?
Energy and the Collapsing Dollar
With fuels sold abroad, many power technologies manufactured overseas and a focus on consumer prices, how will a weaker US dollar impact the energy industry?
The 20 Largest Data Centers Being Developed in North America
See the 20 largest data centers under development in North America. The map outlines planned gigawatt capacity by company and location.
Big Tech’s AI Spending: Now Bigger Than Entire Economies
Infographic comparing forecasted 2026 Big Tech capital spending with national GDP figures for countries including Kenya, Morocco, Ukraine, and Argentina.
Typical Energy Project Cost Overruns
Based on thousands of real-world projects, authors Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner highlighted the typical cost overruns of large capital energy investments.
2026: The Year of Fervo?
Fervo, a Houston-based geothermal company that just came off a huge Series E in December, has quietly filed for its IPO and is getting ready to turn on its flagship power project.
The Largest Source of Power in Every U.S. State and Canadian Province in 2025
What was the biggest source of power in every state and province in 2025?
What ‘Project 2025’ says to expect in 2026
Take a look at what progress has been made on Project 2025 energy sector policy recommendations to shed light on what we might expect to see in 2026.
Eight Charts That Define 2025
2025 will go down in the history books as anything but unremarkable. Here are the eight charts that define what happened this past year.
Gas, Renewables and Storage: Navigating the New Energy Landscape
Hear from the experts at Orennia on the state of the transition and the new energy landscape.
The New Era of Storage: Navigating FEOC
Hear from Orennia and Intertek CEA (formerly Clean Energy Associates) experts as they discuss the outlook on trends and FEOC elements affecting storage.
An American Thermal Revival
Amid surging power demand from AI-driven data centers, the US is witnessing an unexpected thermal revival. As developers race to secure reliable multi-gigawatt solutions, unconventional approaches are reshaping how America keeps pace with unprecedented load growth.
Who Produces the World’s Uranium? Global Supply Breakdown
Today, nearly 60,000 tonnes of uranium are produced annually, with most of it originating from Central Asia, North America and southern Africa.
Canada Missed the Last Boom, it Can’t Miss the Next
Can banker-turned-politician Mark Carney and his revitalized Liberal Party get Canada back on track?
Where Heat Pumps Are Being Adopted Across North America
See heat pump adoption by state and province across North America, with highest usage in the U.S. Southeast and Canadian Maritimes.
How China’s Rare Earth Export Controls Are Impacting Global Supply Chains
Beijing has tightened export controls on a range of rare earth elements, using its near-monopoly on these critical minerals as leverage in response to US trade and technology restrictions.
Billion-dollar Soybean Bailout
To provide relief for being collateral damage from the trade war with China, the White House is considering a $10 to $14 billion bailout for soybean farmers.
Energy Capacity: Which Power Source is Each State Adding Most in 2025?
Orennia’s analysis shows solar will account for half of all new US capacity in 2025, with storage growing fast in solar-heavy areas.
The Hidden Hotspots of AI Power Demand: Data Centers in Development Per Capita
Discover the hidden hotspots of AI power demand hot spots across the United States and Canada. Our infographic highlights data centers in development per capita.
The Rise of the Electroyuan
Can China turn renewable energy into its own geopolitical hammer with an electric alternative to the petrodollar?
Is Fusion Finally Here?
There have been a number of technological and commercial breakthroughs in nuclear fusion but how realistic is fusion generated electricity?
Clean Hydrogen Offtake Industries
Take a look at global low-carbon hydrogen uses. 40% of firm offtake agreements for clean hydrogen since 2021 have been for new-use industries.
The Duality of Sulfur Dioxide
This article takes a look at what we know about sulfur dioxide and what it tells us about where we’re at with climate change.
Each Country’s Share of Nuclear Electricity
Who’s producing nuclear power, who’s just getting started and who’s not interested? This infographic charts each country’s share of nuclear electricity.
Clean Power Around the World
Clean power continues to expand at a rapid pace across the world. Take a look at the continued expansion of global carbon-free power.
The State of Global Carbon Pricing in 2025
A price on carbon remains a widely used financial tool for governments to curb greenhouse gas emissions. This infographic explores carbon pricing around the world.
North American Gas
It’s expected that natural gas will play a significant role in addressing the near-term needs of data centers for power supply. Take a look at production in North America by state and province.
The Alberta Advantage, Under Revision
Can Alberta’s benefits outweigh recent actions from the provincial government to attract data centers?
Global Renewables Set to Overtake Coal
According to the latest International Energy Agency forecasts, renewables are poised to overtake coal as the world's top electricity source by 2025 or 2026 at the latest.
Since Paris: Countries Shifting from Coal
Once the backbone of industrial economies, coal is now being retired for cleaner, cheaper, and more sustainable energy sources. See the leaders in phasing out coal.
Unplugged: DOE Cancelling the $4.9 Billion Grain Belt Express Loan
How much was the Grain Belt Express’s cancelled loan the act of an administration with a vendetta against wind power?
Autonomous Vehicles are Here
What will the impact of autonomous vehicles be on the power sector? Let’s buckle up and find out.
Renewables and the Price of Power: What the Data Says
Pundits regularly argue that the rise of renewable energy is driving up electricity prices. But the data tells a different story.
The Battery Belt: Mapping Global Manufacturing Hubs
The Big Beautiful Bill Act did not undercut support for batteries, as many had initially feared in the early drafts of the bill, but its provisions come with geopolitical strings attached.
From Laptop Batteries to Global EV Dominance: The BYD Story
Sometime in the middle of last year, BYD did the unthinkable: it overtook Tesla in global electric vehicle sales. For many on the outside, it wasn’t supposed to play out this way.
State of the Transition: AI and Data Centers
Hear from Aaron Foyer and Spencer O'Donnell as they discuss the current state of the transition and targeted, data-informed strategies to shape the road ahead.
Where the US Gets Its Copper
Tariffs on copper are likely to impact energy prices. Learn more about America's copper supply.
Status Tracker: Long-Duration Energy Storage Start-ups
There is a need to develop long term energy storage (LDES) to affordably store energy for days to weeks. Explore the types of storage technologies being developed.
Can SMRs and non-proliferation coexist?
Can advanced nuclear reactors, with their need for more highly enriched uranium, find success in an increasingly polarized and fractured geopolitical world hostile to upgrading uranium?
Steel Trap: Tariffs Squeezing America’s Energy Future
For consumers of steel, including energy companies, the tariffs complicate supply chains and drive-up projects costs for both clean and conventional energy. This article takes a look at the impact of steel tariffs.
The State of Low-Carbon Power
North America is home to some of the most diverse low-carbon power portfolios in the world. Have a look.
Peak ICE, Baby
Global sales of internal combustion engine vehicles have been sliding for nearly a decade, and the skid marks aren’t stopping anytime soon.
Twenty Thousand Manganese Under the Seas: Deep-sea Mining
The market value of critical minerals continues to sky rocket, leading companies and governments to look at developing some of the largest, most concentrated mineral deposits on Earth, found under the sea.
Chinese Emissions: The Peking Point
Learn how China has turned around its emissions and has set its sights on decarbonization.
Remaining Department of Energy Loans
While the Department of Energy has canceled funding for several high-profile energy projects, there is still nearly $47 billion worth of loans still conditionally committed.
The Power Footprint of Data Centers
Data centers are rapidly becoming some of the largest electricity consumers in the world. A single hyperscale data center can draw between 20 and 100 megawatts, similar in scale to a major hospital campus or even a moderate industrial plant.
Cool Under Pressure: Battery Safety Performance
Find out how valid the concerns over battery storage project fires really are.
The Energy Boom’s Labor Bust
By the end of the decade, there could be 20 million new jobs across the various energy sectors but in North America, filling these new roles will be a challenge.
The Cheapest PPA in America
Orennia has collected thousands of announced power project price contracts, known as power purchase agreements (PPAs). So what is the lowest PPA in our platform?
Heat Check: America’s Climate Views
Explore the wide and diverging views on the impact of global warming and climate change.
America’s Rare Earth Reckoning
China's export controls on critical minerals could severely impact America’s ability to build a modern 21st century economy and keep pace with national defense.
Energy Savings from AI by Industry
Widespread adoption of AI is expected to help a number of industries reduce their energy use.
Rise of the Machines
Find out how humanoid robots will impact energy use with at home draw and model training at a grid level.
The Power Brokers: US Regions Feeding the Grid
In America’s fragmented electricity landscape, not all regions produce what they use and a few stand out as key power exporters.
Vanishing Poles: A Visual Record Declining Arctic Ice
The Arctic is warming nearly four times faster than the rest of the planet — a shift that’s reshaping the global climate in real time.
Eminent Domain: Claiming the Future
Explore the increasing calls for eminent domain to be used more regularly to accelerate energy development.
Canadian Party Lines, Power Lines
Canadian views on energy by party according to a February poll by Canadian pollster Angus Reid.
Cleared for Takeoff: Sustainable Fuel Leaders
Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) remains one of the only viable ways to reduce flight emissions. Take a look at the largest producers in North America.
Bill 388: Don’t Mess with Texas (Markets)
In normal circumstances, there’s probably no better state than Texas to build new power projects quickly to meet the new data center demand, but Bill 388 would impact that ability.
China’s Energy Generation
China is an energy paradox filled with fascinating contradictions. Explore its energy generation.
The Turbine Logjam
Will gas power be the AI savior many are hoping it will be or will shortages turn out to be too large to overcome?
Pulling the Plug: Ontario’s Trade War Gambit
Since 1901, the US and Canada have increased reliance on each other’s energy and infrastructure but how much leverage do Canada’s power exports truly give the country?
Changes in Global Energy Use 2024
Get the highlights of the International Energy Agency's Global Energy Review for changes in energy use in 2024.
US Wind + Solar Now Produce More Than Coal
Americans are using coal a lot less than they were in the early 2000s. Wind and solar combined now generate more power in the US than coal, a significant change in just two decades.
Regional Powers: Largest Source of Electricity
Power generation across the US and Canada is tied to long histories of natural resource development and technological innovation. See the biggest source of power in every state and province for 2024.
Biochar: An ancient solution for modern problems
Through its unique ability to both store carbon and foster plant growth, biochar has unexpectedly emerged as one of the top solutions to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Women in Energy: 2025
While the progress of women in energy continues to move forward, there is still a long way to go in the sector for better representation.
The Rapid Growth of Chinese Power Consumption
Industrialization and an exploding middle class have caused rapid growth in China’s power consumption. See how various countries compare.
America’s National Energy Emergency
Building clean energy is not enough. The energy emergency the US is facing is really about a lack of transmission and capacity.
The BOHO Spread
Influenced by everything from crude oil cycles to Midwestern crop harvests, the biodiesel industry carefully tracks the bean oil-heating oil (BOHO) spread as a key metric, and there are big changes coming.
The Workhorse Index: Capacity Factors
Defined as how often a power plant runs at full power, capacity factors (CF) are useful in helping develop and finance projects and to study the impacts to the grid on new projects.
How to Build a Solar Project
What are the challenges facing solar project development today? Interconnection agreements, permits and land agreements are all required to develop solar projects.
Top Power Generator in Every State and Province
Unlike many commodity industries, where large firms grow universally, the large power producers today are often rooted in decades of history.
CSI: Carbon Scene Investigating the ADM CO₂ Leak
What happened with the Decatur CCUS project. Was it a strike against carbon capture projects or a showcase for some lessons on how to do it better?
The Climate-Driven Insurance Crisis
In December, the US Senate Committee on the Budget reported that climate change is driving higher insurance non-renewal rates in disaster-prone areas. As extreme weather events increase, premiums rise, and insurers often cancel policies when they can't keep up with the risk.
The Bear Case Against Data Centers
Take a look at data center investment and the potential impacts of AI, data, power supply and workforce resources.
Minerals: Greenland’s Buried Treasure
President Donald Trump has indicated that acquiring Greenland would be of interest for his administration. Why? Greenland contains both a wealth of minerals and sits in a globally strategic location.
Orennia's 2024 Year in Review Report
Get a full recap of the energy transition market trends over the past 12 months and gain valuable insights for the coming year.
Can Voluntary Carbon Markets be Saved?
After breaking out in popularity in 2021, voluntary carbon markets have been plagued by scandal and controversy.
The Growing Share of Wind-Solar-Water Generation
Over the past 20 years, the US has seen remarkable growth in its renewable energy sector, with wind, solar, and hydro emerging as cornerstones of the nation’s transition to cleaner energy.
Form Energy and the 100-hr Battery
Form Energy, a Massachusetts-based battery startup, has emerged as a funding and media darling.
Historical UN Climate Conference Attendance
Attendance at United Nation’s climate change Conference of Parties (COPs) has been increasing over the years, reflecting growing global concern and engagement with climate issues.
Renewable Natural Gas: Backing up AI
Biogas innovation meets data center demands. Explore RNG's role in delivering reliable, low-carbon backup power for tech giants.
Power Generation and the Economy
Electricity generation across the US and Canada varies by region from differences in geography, available natural resources, and energy policies.
The Status of Key Nuclear Start-ups
A wave of new nuclear companies has emerged, driven by the need for clean baseload power. Particularly Big Tech companies and data center builders are driving enthusiasm for the technology.
BECCS: Seeing the Forest for the Trees
Can harvesting wood for energy help reduce emissions while preserving forests? Unpack the promise and controversy of BECCS.
The 2024 Data Center Fantasy Draft
Explore the energy winners and losers of the data center boom. Learn who's thriving and who's struggling in this industry shift.
The Return of US Manufacturing Jobs
Can the US manufacturing sector reclaim its strength? Explore key trends shaping jobs, trade, and resilience. Learn more now.
The Controversial Practice of Agrivoltaics
Can farmland and solar panels coexist? Explore agrivoltaics, the practice of combining farming and solar, and its potential impact.
Over Time: The Electricity Mix of the Seven Swing States
How do swing states balance natural gas and renewables in their energy mix? Explore trends shaping the 2024 election and beyond.
The Big Trend in Wind: Repowering
Many of the early wind power projects installed in North America are ripe for an upgrade. Wind repowering is a process that involves replacing old wind turbines or their components to capture more energy, improve performance and often requalifying for tax credits.
Green Dollars: The State of North American Carbon Markets
Explore the current state of North American carbon markets and their role in driving the energy transition. Opportunities ahead.
2024 Trends: Wind and Solar
Orennia forecasts 37 GW of U.S. solar growth in 2024 while wind slows to 7 GW, highlighting a shift in renewable momentum.
Comparison: Key North American Carbon Markets
Carbon markets are increasingly popular as a market-based approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. They offer financial incentives to companies to decarbonize by placing a cost on carbon emissions while offering credits for overachieving reductions.
The Growth of Power Projects: Follow the Money
Clean power projects, particularly solar and storage, are growing quickly across North America. What are unique ways to capture investor sentiment?
Turning Down the Heat: The Race to Decarbonize Industry
The central reason policy makers care about industrial heat is that the sector is responsible for more than 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions. In the US alone, an estimated 759 million tonnes of carbon dioxide come from industrial heating annually.
The Energy-Water Nexus
Dive into the Energy-Water Nexus: Explore how water scarcity impacts energy and the role of new tech in this evolving challenge.
North America’s Largest Hydro Dams
North America has a rich history of large-scale hydroelectric projects, which have played a significant role in shaping the continent’s energy landscape. These projects harness the immense power of rivers to generate electricity, providing a renewable and reliable energy source.
Increased US Cleantech Spending
Clean energy investment in the US has been growing substantially in recent years, reflecting a broad-based shift towards sustainable energy solutions.
CO2 Mineralization: Permanent Carbon Storage
Unlocking the potential of ancient geology to permanently store CO2 and help tackle climate change through mineralization.
States Paying More for Electricity
U.S. residential power prices surged ~30% since 2020, driven by rising fuel costs, grid upgrades, and regional factors.
The Emerging Potential of Vehicle-to-Grid
Electric vehicles will soon do more than charge—they'll power the grid, driving the future of energy with vehicle-to-grid technology.
North American Carbon Capture Hubs
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) reduces CO2 emissions from industry by capturing, using, or storing it safely.
Data Centers 101
Explore the rise of data centers and their impact on the energy sector. Learn how AI is shaping future energy demand.
Ammonia’s Potential as a Low-Carbon Fuel
Unlocking ammonia's potential as a low-carbon fuel, exploring its role in the future of sustainable energy solutions.
Industrial Heat: It’s Getting Hot in Here
Industrial heat refers to the thermal energy needed for various industrial processes. It’s critical for manufacturing, driving everything from chemical reactions to material transformation. Industries like cement, iron and steel all require large amounts of hot industrial heat. Doing so creates large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions.
Will Dynamic Line Ratings Transform the Grid?
How IoT sensors and dynamic line ratings could transform grid transmission, reducing congestion and improving efficiency.
Methane Emissions Across North America
Methane poses a critical environmental challenge due to its potent impact on climate change. In both the United States and Canada, key sectors are key contributors for methane emissions, each with its unique regional hotspots.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions Across North America
Carbon dioxide emissions dispersed across North America, though concentrated in regions with high populations and industrial activities. Areas with more aggregated emissions are focus areas for carbon capture technologies, low-carbon fuel development and clean manufacturing.
Are Electrical Panels a Hidden Bottleneck?
The importance of the big gray box in your cold, dark utility room. Dive into the critical role of electrical panels in the energy transition.
The 20 Largest: Utilities in North America
North American utilities provide vital electricity, gas, water, and sewage services, ensuring economic stability and quality of life.
Who’s Driving Demand for SAF?
Airlines face limited options to cut emissions. Carbon offsets raise skepticism, potentially adding reputational risk to the industry.
Visualized: Cleaning Up the US Electricity Sector
Cutting carbon intensity in the US grid has been a key focus of 21st-century policy and tech, driving environmental progress.
Can We Solve Grid Congestion?
As renewables grow, energy grid congestion increases. Learn about the underlying causes and how this impacts the energy systems.
Power Politics: Energy Preferences
Analyze the political differences in energy preferences from a YouGov survey and understand the varying levels of support for 17 energy sources in US
Could Virtual Power Plants Save the Grid?
VPPs may be cheaper than dispatchable capacity and help avoid unnecessary costs. See how they offer a solution to grid challenges.
The Adoption S-Curve: Renewables and Batteries
Over the past decade, the US has witnessed a significant shift in its energy landscape, characterized by rapid growth in wind, solar, and battery storage technologies. This transformation is driven by a combination of technological advancements, favorable policies, and a growing recognition of the need for sustainable energy solutions.
How Real is the Natural Hydrogen Hype?
Low-cost hydrogen could spark industry change but may delay a true renewable economy, keeping dependence on non-renewable resources.
Clean Energy: Decarbonizing the US Power Grid
Transitioning from coal to natural gas and adopting wind and solar has been key to shaping a more sustainable energy landscape.
Solar Dominates New Power Growth
From natural gas dominance to rapid renewable and battery growth, the US energy sector is constantly evolving in the 2020s.
Does Small Nuclear Have a Big Future?
Small modular reactors may be the start of a new American nuclear era. Learn about the promise of SMRs in meeting future energy needs.
When Hail Plays Hardball and Smoke Throws Shade
Prepare for hail, tornado, and fire season by understanding how to assess and mitigate extreme weather risks in your energy projects.
CAISO: Mounting Negative Prices
Negative power pricing in CAISO shows producers paying consumers to take electricity—driven by key market factors and dynamics.
What’s the Outlook for Long-Duration Storage?
Renewable growth is limited without economic long-duration storage. Most current projects focus on daily load shifting, not multi-day storage.
The Geotherm-aissance™
A new generation of geothermal technology is emerging, which may meet our growing needs for clean power.
Who’s Willing to Pay for High-priced Green Hydrogen?
Dive into the market for high-priced green hydrogen. Learn who the early adopters are, why they're investing, and how this mirrors the rise of solar PV.
Introduction to SAFs
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) are alternative fuels that aim to reduce the carbon footprint of aviation by using renewable resources. These fuels are produced from sustainable feedstocks and have lower lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions compared to conventional jet fuels.
What Power Sources are Coming Online in 2024?
Solar has emerged as the top growing source of electricity across the US and Canada. Learn how these additions will impact the energy landscape.
Are LFPs Taking Over Batteries?
Batteries, a 200-year-old tech, are evolving fast. LFP advances are driving down costs and accelerating energy storage deployment.
Could AI Derail Electrification Efforts?
Explore how AI's rising energy demands could challenge electrification and impact decarbonization targets amid growing data center needs.